{"id":581,"date":"2026-02-20T10:26:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-20T08:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/?p=581"},"modified":"2026-02-20T17:59:57","modified_gmt":"2026-02-20T15:59:57","slug":"majorama-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/2026\/02\/20\/majorama-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Majorana 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0397 <strong>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong>, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<br \/>\n\u0397 Microsoft \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0 Majorana 1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf Majorana 1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0&#8217; \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 (\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cc, \u03c5\u03b3\u03c1\u03cc, \u03b1\u03ad\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf). \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/api.pageplace.de\/preview\/DT0400.9781009038898_A45552814\/preview-9781009038898_A45552814.pdf\"><em>\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7<\/em><\/a> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2.<br \/>\n\u0391\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd:<\/p>\n<p class=\"ds-markdown-paragraph\"><strong>\u03a5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac:<\/strong> \u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc (\u03b1\u03c1\u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5) \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03cc (\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03af\u03bf\u03c5).<br \/>\n<strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2:<\/strong> \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c8\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b7\u03b4\u03ad\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf .<br \/>\n<strong>\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 Qubit:<\/strong> \u03a5\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 <strong>Majorana zero modes<\/strong>. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7-\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 . \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 &#8220;\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7&#8221; \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<br \/>\n\u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 Microsoft \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 <strong>&#8220;\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1&#8221; (topological gap)<\/strong> 30 \u03bceV, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 qubits \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b8\u03cc\u03c1\u03c5\u03b2\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 . \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b2\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"w-100 custom-card-img\" src=\"https:\/\/quantum.scene7.com\/is\/image\/quantum\/entanglement-1-1920X1080:0-499\" alt=\"Entanglement-img\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u0393. \u039f <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ettore_Majorana\">Ettore Majorana<\/a> \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u0399\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03a6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b2\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bc\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0397 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 20\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 Microsoft \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0 Majorana 1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c3\u03b9\u03c0 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u03a4\u03bf Majorana 1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/2026\/02\/20\/majorama-1\/\" class=\"more-link\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Majorana 1&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-581","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-informatics","category-physics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=581"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":587,"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581\/revisions\/587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/maths4u.gr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}